Introduction
The International Safety Management (ISM) Code is a crucial framework for ensuring the safety of ships, crew, and the marine environment. Auditors play a vital role in verifying that maritime companies comply with the ISM Code, thereby maintaining high safety standards. This article delves into the key elements of the ISM Code that auditors need to be familiar with.
Understanding the ISM Code
Adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and formally implemented in 1998, the ISM Code provides an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention. It necessitates that shipping companies establish a Safety Management System (SMS) that includes organizational policies and procedures to ensure that ships operate safely.
Key Elements for Auditors
Safety and Environmental Protection Policy
The foundation of the ISM Code is the establishment of a safety and environmental protection policy. Auditors must ensure that the company has a documented policy that clearly lays out its commitment to safety and environmental stewardship. This includes objectives and goals to prevent human injury, loss of life, and environmental damage.
Company Responsibilities and Authorities
Clear definition of responsibilities and authorities is essential for the functioning of a Safety Management System. Auditors should verify that the company’s organizational structure is well-documented and that roles and responsibilities are clearly defined and understood by all employees. This includes ensuring that the Designated Person Ashore (DPA) is effectively communicating between ship and shore management.
Designated Person Ashore (DPA)
The DPA acts as a critical link between the ship and the company, ensuring the SMS is effectively implemented, monitored, and reviewed. Auditors must confirm that the DPA has direct access to the highest levels of management and possesses the necessary skills and qualifications to perform their duties effectively.
Resources and Personnel
A successful SMS hinges on competent personnel. Auditors should examine the company’s procedures for recruiting, training, and maintaining qualified personnel both on shore and on board. This includes verifying that crew members are adequately trained for emergencies and have a clear understanding of their roles within the SMS.
Operational Procedures
The ISM Code mandates that companies develop and maintain operational procedures for the safe operation of ships and for responding to emergencies. Auditors need to review these procedures to ensure they are comprehensive, well-documented, and followed in daily operations. This also includes ensuring that ships have up-to-date manuals and that these procedures are regularly reviewed and updated.
Emergency Preparedness
Emergency preparedness is a critical aspect of the ISM Code. Auditors should check that the company has established procedures for responding to emergencies and that these procedures are regularly drilled and practiced. This ensures that crew members can act swiftly and effectively in case of an actual emergency.
Reporting and Analysis of Non-Conformities, Accidents, and Hazardous Occurrences
An effective reporting system is vital for continual improvement. Auditors must ensure that the company has processes in place for reporting non-conformities, accidents, and hazardous situations. Additionally, they should verify that these reports are thoroughly analyzed, lessons are learned, and corrective actions are implemented.
Maintenance of the Ship and Equipment
Proper maintenance is essential for ensuring the safety and operational efficiency of ships. Auditors need to verify that the company has a planned maintenance system in place and that maintenance tasks are completed as scheduled. This includes inspecting maintenance records and ensuring that any deficiencies are promptly rectified.
Documentation
Documentation is a cornerstone of the ISM Code. Auditors should make sure that all aspects of the SMS are well-documented and that these documents are accessible to relevant personnel. This includes verifying that ships carry required certificates and that records are maintained to demonstrate compliance with the ISM Code.
Verification, Review, and Evaluation
Continuous improvement is a key goal of the ISM Code. Auditors need to check that the company regularly reviews and evaluates its SMS. This includes internal audits by the company itself, management reviews, and corrective actions taken as a result of these audits. Auditors should also ensure that external audits are conducted as required and that any identified issues are addressed in a timely manner.
